Since vs. Sense: Mastering Confusing English Words

Understanding the subtle differences between “since” and “sense” is crucial for effective communication in English. These words, though similar in sound, have distinct meanings and grammatical functions.

Misusing them can lead to confusion and misunderstandings. This comprehensive guide will provide you with a clear understanding of when to use “since” and “sense” correctly, covering their definitions, structures, usage rules, common mistakes, and providing plenty of examples and practice exercises.

Whether you’re a beginner or an advanced learner, this article will help you master these tricky words and improve your overall English proficiency.

This guide is designed for English language learners of all levels, from beginners who are just starting to grasp the basics of grammar to advanced speakers who want to refine their understanding of these commonly confused words. Native English speakers can also benefit from this guide by reinforcing their knowledge and clarifying any lingering doubts.

Definition of Since and Sense

To effectively distinguish between “since” and “sense,” it’s essential to understand their individual definitions, grammatical functions, and contexts in which they are used.

Definition of “Since”

“Since” is a versatile word that can function as a preposition, conjunction, or adverb. Its primary function is to indicate time or a cause-and-effect relationship.

• As a preposition: “Since” indicates a point in time from which something has continued. Example: I have lived here since 2010.
• As a conjunction: “Since” connects two clauses, indicating that the second clause is a consequence or reason for the first. Example: Since it’s raining, we should stay inside.
• As an adverb: “Since” refers to a time after a specific point in the past. Example: They haven’t visited us since.

Definition of “Sense”

“Sense” primarily functions as a noun or a verb. As a noun, it refers to a faculty of perception, understanding, or reason.

As a verb, it means to perceive, understand, or detect something.

• As a noun: “Sense” refers to a physical faculty (sight, hearing, smell, taste, touch) or a general understanding. Example: She has a good sense of humor.
• As a verb: “Sense” means to perceive or understand something, often without explicit information. Example: I can sense that he’s upset.

Structural Breakdown

Understanding the structural usage of “since” and “sense” in sentences is crucial for accurate grammar. Let’s break down how each word functions within different sentence structures.

“Since” as a Preposition

When used as a preposition, “since” is followed by a specific point in time. The typical structure is:

[Present Perfect/Past Perfect Tense] + since + [Specific Time]

Example: He has been studying since 8 AM.

“Since” as a Conjunction

As a conjunction, “since” connects two clauses, often indicating a cause-and-effect relationship. The structure can vary slightly, but a common pattern is:

Since + [Clause 1], [Clause 2] or [Clause 2] + since + [Clause 1]

Example: Since it was cold, I wore a jacket. or I wore a jacket since it was cold.

“Since” as an Adverb

When used as an adverb, “since” often appears at the end of a sentence or clause, referring back to a previously mentioned time.

[Clause] + since.

Example: They moved to Paris in 2010 and haven’t returned since.

“Sense” as a Noun

As a noun, “sense” can be used in various constructions, often with adjectives or prepositions that modify its meaning.

[Adjective] + sense (e.g., common sense, good sense)

Sense of + [Noun] (e.g., sense of direction, sense of humor)

In a/the sense (e.g., in a broad sense, in the strictest sense)

Example: She has a strong sense of justice.

“Sense” as a Verb

As a verb, “sense” typically takes a direct object, indicating what is being perceived or understood.

[Subject] + sense + [Object]

Example: I can sense his frustration.

Types and Categories of “Since” and “Sense”

To further clarify the usage of “since” and “sense,” let’s explore different types and categories within each word.

Types of “Since”

• Temporal “Since”: Indicates a duration of time from a specific point in the past until the present. Example: I have been waiting since noon.
• Causal “Since”: Introduces a reason or explanation for something. Example: Since you’re here, can you help me with this?

Categories of “Sense” (Noun)

• Physical Senses: Refers to the five senses (sight, hearing, smell, taste, touch). Example: His sense of smell is very acute.
• Abstract Sense: Refers to understanding, judgment, or reason. Example: She showed a great deal of common sense.
• Emotional Sense: Refers to a feeling or awareness. Example: He had a sense of foreboding.

Categories of “Sense” (Verb)

• Perceive: To become aware of something through the senses. Example: I can sense the rain approaching.
• Understand: To grasp the meaning of something. Example: Do you sense what I’m trying to say?
• Detect: To discover or identify something. Example: The machine can sense even minor changes in temperature.

Examples of “Since” and “Sense” in Sentences

The best way to understand the difference between “since” and “sense” is through examples. Below are several examples categorized by the word’s function in the sentence.

Examples of “Since” as a Preposition

The following table provides examples of “since” used as a preposition, indicating a point in time from which something has continued. Each example uses the structure [Present Perfect/Past Perfect Tense] + since + [Specific Time].

Examples of “Since” as a Conjunction

The following table provides examples of “since” used as a conjunction, connecting two clauses and indicating a cause-and-effect relationship. The structure follows either “Since + [Clause 1], [Clause 2]” or “[Clause 2] + since + [Clause 1]”.

Examples of “Since” as an Adverb

The following table provides examples of “since” used as an adverb, referring to a time after a specific point in the past. The structure is typically “[Clause] + since.”

Examples of “Sense” as a Noun

The following table provides examples of “sense” used as a noun, referring to a physical faculty, understanding, or reason. Examples are categorized to showcase different usages.

Examples of “Sense” as a Verb

The following table provides examples of “sense” used as a verb, meaning to perceive, understand, or detect something. Each example follows the structure “[Subject] + sense + [Object]”.

Usage Rules for “Since” and “Sense”

Understanding the specific rules for using “since” and “sense” will help you avoid common errors and use these words correctly in your writing and speech.

Rules for “Since”

• Temporal Use: When “since” indicates time, it is often used with the present perfect or past perfect tense. For example, “I have been waiting since 3 PM.”
• Causal Use: When “since” introduces a reason, ensure that the cause-and-effect relationship is clear. For example, “Since it’s raining, we should stay inside.”
• Punctuation: When used as a conjunction at the beginning of a sentence, “since” is followed by a comma. For example, “Since you’re here, can you help me?”
• Avoid Ambiguity: Ensure that the context makes it clear whether “since” is being used to indicate time or a reason.

Rules for “Sense”

• Noun vs. Verb: Be mindful of whether “sense” is being used as a noun (referring to a perception or understanding) or as a verb (meaning to perceive or understand).
• Adjectives: When using “sense” as a noun, use appropriate adjectives to modify its meaning (e.g., “common sense,” “good sense”).
• Prepositions: Use correct prepositions with “sense,” such as “sense of” (e.g., “sense of humor”) or “in a sense” (e.g., “in a broad sense”).
• Object: When using “sense” as a verb, ensure it has a direct object (e.g., “I can sense his frustration”).

Common Mistakes with “Since” and “Sense”

Identifying and correcting common mistakes is an important step in mastering the use of “since” and “sense.” Here are some frequent errors and how to avoid them.

Practice Exercises

Test your understanding of “since” and “sense” with these practice exercises. Fill in the blanks with the correct word.

Exercise 1: Choose the Correct Word

Choose the correct word (“since” or “sense”) to complete each sentence.

Exercise 2: Correct the Sentence

Identify and correct the errors in the following sentences.

Exercise 3: Write Your Own Sentences

Write two sentences using “since” (one temporal, one causal) and two sentences using “sense” (one as a noun, one as a verb).

(Answers will vary. Examples: Temporal since: I have been studying since 5 PM. Causal since: Since it’s cold, I wore a coat. Sense as a noun: She has a good sense of style. Sense as a verb: I can sense his excitement.)

Advanced Topics

For advanced learners, let’s delve into more complex aspects of “since” and “sense.”

Subjunctive Mood with “Since”

In formal English, “since” can be used with the subjunctive mood to express hypothetical or unlikely situations. This is less common but important to recognize.

Example: It is strange that I haven’t seen him since he left. (Implies a sense of surprise or disbelief)

Nuances of “Sense” in Philosophy and Psychology

The concept of “sense” is explored extensively in philosophy and psychology, often referring to perception, consciousness, and the interpretation of sensory information. Advanced learners can explore these deeper meanings and applications of “sense.”

Idiomatic Expressions

Both “since” and “sense” appear in various idiomatic expressions. Understanding these expressions can enrich your vocabulary and improve your comprehension of nuanced language.

• “Since then”: Meaning from that time until now.
• “Make sense of”:“Meaning to understand something complicated.
• “In a sense”: Meaning in one way of thinking about something.
• “Come to one’s senses”: Meaning to start behaving in a reasonable way.

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Conclusion

Mastering the distinction between “since” and “sense” is essential for clear and effective communication in English. By understanding their definitions, structural uses, and common mistakes, you can confidently use these words in your writing and speech.

Remember to consider the context, grammatical function, and intended meaning to ensure accuracy. With practice and attention to detail, you can avoid common errors and enhance your overall English proficiency.